Ex Post Facto Research

Ex post facto research is a systematic empirical inquiry in which the researcher does not have direct control of the independent variables.

Correlational Research

Correlational research involves the collection of two or more sets of data from a group of subjects with the attempt to determine the subsequent relationship between those sets of data (Tuckman, 1972).

Descriptive Research

Descriptive research describes the population's characteristics. Exploratory or normative surveys fall under this type of research. Selltiz, et al. (1979) define it as a study where the major emphasis is on the discovery of ideas and insights. Qualitative methods (case studies, content analysis, ethnographic studies) and quantitative research (survey research, cross-sectional survey, cohort study, correlational research, longitudinal survey) are used.

Historical Research

According to Kerlinger (1972), historical research is the critical investigation of events, developments and experiences of the past, the careful weighing of evidence of the validity of resources of information on the past and the interpretation of the weighed evidence. The difference between this type of research and others is that the focus of the subject is the past. Data are gathered through the collection of original documents or interviewing eye witnesses.

Developmental Research

Developmental research refers to the systematic work drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and / or practical experience that is directed to producing new materials, products and devices; to installing new processes, systems and services; and to improving substantially those already produced or installed. This type of research is often used in engineering and technology areas.

Applied Research

Applied research, also known as action research, is directed towards the practical application of knowledge. The theory may be supported, modified or revised. A new theory may even be provided.

Applied research, covering mostly social science areas, entails large-scale studies with subsequent problems on data collection.

Basic Research

Basic research, also known as "fundamental" or "pure" research, is directed towards developing new or fuller scientific knowledge or understanding of the subject rather than its practical application.

Theories and hypothesis containing abstract and specialized concepts are developed and tested. The researcher's intellect is triggered and social implications of existing social problems are uncovered.

Types of Research Based on Purpose

The types of research on the basis of purpose refers to the extend to which the findings are used.

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